摘抄自stackoverflow
The Debian/Ubuntu policy is that if there is a user jim with user ID 1001, there is also a group jim with group ID 1001.
This solution also updates those group IDs.
-
Enable the root account:
sudo passwd rootIf the user is logged in, then log out (also on virtual terminals) Go to VT1: Ctrl-Alt-F1 Log in as root and run this with the user name and old/new UID supplied: -
put the information we need in variables
username=...old_uid=id -u $username` # looks up current (old) uidnew_uid=…` -
update the user ID and group ID for $username
usermod -u $new_uid $usernamegroupmod -g $new_uid $username -
update the file ownerships NB: you cannot combine the next two chowns, or files where only the uid xor the gid matches won’t be updated
chown -Rhc --from=$old_uid $new_uid /# change the user IDschown -Rhc --from=:$old_uid :$new_uid /# change the group IDs - Log out
- Log in as $username
- Disable the root account:
sudo passwd -dl root